ANTI-DIARRHOEAL AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY STUDIES ON METHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF IRIVINGIA WOMBOLU VERMOESEN (IRVINGIACEAE) IN LABORATORY ANIMALS
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
Abstract
Irvingia wombolu is one of the herbal plants used as food for its nutritional values. It is also used as medicinal plant in the south-south and south-eastern part of Nigeria for the management of diarrhoea and other ailments. Although these medicinal plants are believed to be harmless with their utilization, scarcity of scientific evidence on the claimed pharmacological activities of this plant is an issue of concern. This study was aimed at evaluating the antidiarrhoeal and subchronic toxicity studies of methanol stem bark extract of I. wombolu (MEIW) in laboratory animals. Preliminary phytochemical screening, acute and sub-chronic toxicity, in vivo antidiarrhoeal and isolated tissuestudies were carried out according to standard methods. Doses of 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg and I500mg/kg were used for the in vivo antidiarrhoeal studies. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, steroids/triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and carbohydrates whereas anthraquinones was absent. The oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract in mice was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg. In the subchronic toxicity study, the extract did not produce significant changes on body weights and the relative organ weights of treated rats when compared with control. The extract significantly (p≤0.05) decreased only the white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophils count among the haematological parameters assessed. The extract also significantly (p≤0.05) increased ALP and sodium while AST, ALT, TP, bilirubin, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, urea, creatinine and albumin showed no significant difference when compared with the control. Histopathological findings indicated that there were some levels of liver injury characterized by centrilobular necrosis and mild hepatocytes vacoulation. The kidney exhibited mild distortion of tubular epithelial cell and widening of the bowman capsule within the glomerular at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg with the adhesion of intestinal villi. Results vii obtained from the castor oil and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea models indicated that MEIW produced statistically significant inhibition of diarrhoea in both models with reduction of wet faeces (p≤0.05). In the castor oil-induced enteropooling model, MEIW demonstrated an antienteropooling effect by reducing significantly (p≤0.05) the volume of intestinal content in a dose-dependent way. In the gastrointestinal transit of charcoal meal model, the movement (transit) of charcoal meal along the intestinal tract of mice treated with the extract of I. wombolu (MEIW) was delayed. With increasing doses of the extract, the peristaltic index decreased significantly (p≤0.05) in all as compared to the negative control. In the guinea pig ileum, the extract produced a marked relaxatory effect on the tissue. Graded concentrations of the extract, produced a reduction in the tone and rate of the spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum. Also atropine in synergy with the extract blocked completely the stimulant effect of the rabbit jejunum, this indicates that the extract possess some anticholinergic-like properties. It can be concluded that, the extract is relatively safe with minor histopathological changes in vital organs with significant antidiarrhoeal effect.
Related Project Materials
CO-OPERATIVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
Education is very important among all of us, the fact which is commonly nothing to deny among any...
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF RELATIONSHIP EDUCATION TRAINING ON MARITAL SATISFACTION AMONG YOUNG DUAL-CAREER COUPLES IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA- NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study assessed the Effect of Relationship Education Training on Marital Satisfaction among Young Dual-career Couples in Ahma...
THE ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AS A TOOL FOR MANAGEMENT DECISION-MAKING
BACKGROUND OF STUDY...
THE EFFECTS OF PARENTS BACKGROUND ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN INTEGRATED SCIENCE IN GAIUS OBASEKI GROUP OF SCHOOL
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Over the years, the nation has been experiencing a drastic fall in the academic per...
EFFECT OF CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR ON THE PURCHASE OF INSURANCE PRODUCTS
ABSTRACT
Effect of consumer buying behaviour on the purchase of insurance products. In this study, one Logit regression model was estim...
AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE IN CHEMISTRY OBJECTIVE TEST AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Background of the study
Since the very beginning of the educational system, standardized testing has been an esse...
EFFECTIVE INVOLVEMENT OF WOMEN IN GOVERNANCE AS A PANACEA TO NIGERIA SOCIO-POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to examine effective involvement of women in governance as a panace...
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN POLITICAL ACTIVISM IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF ENDBADGOVERNANCE PROTEST IN NIGERIA)
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN POLITICAL ACTIVISM IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF ENDBADGOVERNANCE PROTEST IN NIGERIA)
Chapter On...
UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL AND GLOBAL CRISIS MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE UNITED STATES INVASION OF IRAQ, 1991-2008
INTRODUCTION
Evaluation of the Iraq conflict cannot be finished until the roles performed by two key actors—the Un...
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTANTS IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND DECISION-MAKING
ABSTRACT
This study examines THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTANTS IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND DECISION-MAKING, focusing on enhancing finan...
